صيغ مركبة:
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| advise against [sth] vi + prep | (warn [sth] is unwise) | يحذّر من شيء |
| | I'd advise against that course of action. |
| advise against doing [sth] v expr | (warn not to do [sth]) | يحذِّر من فعل شيء، ينصح بعدم فعل شيء |
| | I'd advise against travelling alone in the desert. |
| advise [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep | (warn [sb] [sth] is unwise) | يحذِّر شخصًا من شيء، ينصح شخصًا بعدم فعل شيء |
| | I'd advise you against that approach, which can be costly. |
| advise [sb] against doing [sth] v expr | (warn [sb] not to do [sth]) | يحذِّر شخصًا من فعل شيء، ينصح شخصًا بعدم فعل شيء |
| | I'd advise you against sailing today; the weather is turning nasty. |
| against all odds adv | (highly improbably) | رغم أن شيئًا مُستبعَد |
| | Julie fell out of the moving train. She survived against all odds. |
| | عندما سقطت جولي من القطار المتحرّك، نجت رغم أنّ نجاتها كانت مُستبعدة. |
| against expectations adv | (surprisingly) | عكس التوقّعات |
against his will,
against her will adv | (in opposition to wishes) | رغمًا عنه |
| | Abby was taken to the cabin in the woods against her will. |
| against the clock adv | (under pressure of time) | في سباق مع الزمن |
| | It's seems as though I am always working against the clock! These deadlines are ridiculous. |
| against the flow adv | (opposite the current) | عكس التيّار |
| | She set her kayak against the flow and began to paddle upstream. |
| | وجهّت زورقها عكس التيّار وبدأت بالتجديف في الاتّجاه المعاكس. |
| against the flow adv | (against general movement) | عكس التيّار |
| | As the crowd of lemmings moved toward the cliff, a single animal went against the flow, heading back to the tundra. |
| against the flow adv | figurative (contrary to conventional opinion) | ضدّ التيّار |
| | All my friends are going to college next year, but I'm going against the flow and attending a technical school. |
| | كلّ أصدقائي ذاهبون إلى الجامعة العام المقبل، لكنّي سأسير ضدّ التيّار وسألتحق بالمدرسة التقنيّة. |
| against the law adj | (illegal) | مخالف للقانون |
| | Smoking marijuana is against the law. |
| against the law adv | (illegally) | بشكل مخالف للقانون |
| | He was driving against the law as he had just guzzled down seven pints of beer. |
| against time adj | (under pressure of time) | سباق مع الزمن |
| | Residents are in a race against time as flood waters begin to crest along the river. |
| against time adv | (under pressure of time) | في سباق مع الزمن |
| | They're racing against time to find a cure for her illness. |
| as against conj | (as opposed to) | مقابل، مقارنةً بـ |
balance [sth] with [sth],
balance [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (offset) | يعوّض عن شيء بشيء |
| | Mindy balanced her long hours at work with a visit to the spa. |
| | كانت ميندي تعوّض عن الساعات الطويلة في العمل بالذهاب إلى منتجع مترف. |
| battle against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (strenuously oppose) (مجازي) | يصارع |
| | | يعارض شيئًا بشدة |
| | | يكافح ضد شيء |
| | He battled in vain against the factory closures. |
| battle against [sb] vi + prep | figurative (strenuously oppose) (مجازي) | يتصارع ضد شخص |
| | | يعارض شخصًا بشدة |
| | Ed Miliband battled against his brother David for leadership of the Labour party. |
| be insured against all liability v expr | (protected against insurance claims) | تأمين ضدّ كل الأخطار |
| bear a grudge against [sb] v expr | (be resentful) | يحقد على شخص، يضمر الضغينة لشخص |
| | Fred bore a grudge against his brothers. |
| bear a grudge against [sb] for [sth] v expr | (be resentful) | يحمل الضغينة لشخص بسبب شيء |
| | Julie bears a grudge against her neighbour for cutting down a hedge that was actually on Julie's property. |
| bear false witness against [sb] v expr | (Bible: lie about [sb]) | يشهد زورًا على شخص |
| | You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. |
| bear witness against [sb] v expr | (testify) | يشهد ضد شخص، يدلي بشهادة ضد شخص |
| | A wife cannot be forced to bear witness against her husband. |
| benchmark [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (measure against a standard) (بالمقارنة مع شيء) | يقدر، يقيس |
| | The state's department of education benchmarks their salary scale against those of other government agencies. |
| bet against [sth] vi + prep | (wager against [sth]) | يراهن ضد شيء |
| | Oscar lost his money because he bet against the winning horse. |
| | خسر أوسكار ماله لأنه راهن ضد الحصان الفائز. |
| bet against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (assume [sth] will fail) | يراهن على عدم شيء |
| | I wouldn't bet against his getting the promotion. |
| bias against [sth/sb] n | (prejudice: against) | تحيّز ضد شخص/شيء |
| | The manager was fired because of his bias against women. |
| | طُرد المدير لتحيّزه ضد النساء. |
| bias [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (prejudice, influence [sb] against) | يؤثر في شخص لعدم شيء |
| | | يؤثر في شخص ضد شخص |
| | The media may have biased people against voting for Taylor. |
| | ربما أثرت وسائل الإعلام في الناس لكيلا يصوّتوا لـ"تايلور". |
bring [sth],
bring [sth] against [sb]⇒ vtr | (legal: put [sth] forward) (دعوى) | يرفع شيئًا ضد شخص، يتقدم بشيء ضد شخص |
| | She brought a lawsuit against her employer. |
| bring charges against [sb] v expr | (accuse [sb] officially) | يتهم شخصًا، يوجه اتهامات إلى شخص |
| brush up against [sth/sb] v expr | (touch) | يلامس شخصًا/شيئًا |
| | I brushed up against him just as he was leaving. |
| buck against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (reject, oppose) | يعترض على شيء، يرفض شيئًا |
| | Congress bucked against the president's proposal. |
| butt up against [sth] v expr | (be adjacent to) | يحاذي |
| | | يتاخم |
| | | يحد على شيء |
| | The decorative moulding butts up against the door. |
| campaign against [sth] vi + prep | (protest against [sth]) | يقوم بحملة ضد شيء |
| | The Abolitionists were campaigning against the slave trade. |
| | قام مناهضو الاسترقاق بحملة ضد الاتجار بالرقيق. |
caution against [sth],
caution against doing [sth] vi + prep | (warn against [sth]) | يحذّر من شيء، يحذّر من خطر شيء |
| | The doctor cautioned against eating too many sweets. |
| | The lifeguard cautioned against the use of floats when swimming in the sea. |
| | حذر الطبيب من خطر الإفراط في تناول الحلويات. // حذر عامل الإنقاذ من خطر استعمال العوامات عند السباحة في البحر. |
| caution [sb] against doing [sth] v expr | (warn not to do [sth]) | يحذّر شخصًا من فعل شيء |
| check [sth] against [sth] v expr | (compare, contrast two things) | يقارن شيئًا بشيء، يقارن بين شيء وشيء |
| | Shannon checked her calendar against her boss's to see if there were any conflicts. |
| compete against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (sports, competition: try to beat) | ينافس شيئًا/شخصًا، يتنافس مع شيء/شخص |
| | Edwards will be competing against some of the best athletes in the world. |
| | سيتنافس إدواردز مع بعض أهم الرياضيين في العالم. |
| contend against [sb] vi + prep | formal (oppose, esp. legally) | يخاصم |
| count against [sb] vi + prep | (be detrimental) | يعتزم، يقرّر |
| | His criminal record will count against him when he starts applying for jobs. |
| crash against [sth] vi + prep | (hit hard) | يرتطم بشيء |
| | | يصطدم بشيء |
| | Waves crashed against the shore. |
| crime against humanity n | often plural (atrocity) | جريمة ضد الإنسانية |
| | Genocide is a crime against humanity. |
| Crimes Against Persons npl | (law: violent offences) | جرائم ضد الأشخاص |
| | | جرائم عنف |
| crusade against [sth] vi + prep | figurative (campaign against, oppose) | يشنّ حملة ضد شيء، يعارض شيئًا |
| | She's always crusading against injustice, wherever she finds it. |
dash [sth] against [sth],
dash [sth] into [sth] vtr + prep | (throw [sth] against) | يرمي شيئًا على شيء |
| | Janet dashed the plate against the wall. |
| | رمت جانيت الطبق على الجدار. |
| dash against [sth] vi + prep | (strike) | يرتطم بشيء |
| | | يتكسر على شيء |
| | Waves dashed against the shore. |
| dead against [sb/sth] adj + prep | informal (totally opposed to) | معارض شديد لـ |
| | I wanted to go to Art School, but my parents were dead against it. |
| dead set against [sth] adj + prep | informal (resolutely opposed to) | معارض بشدة لشيء |
| | Jerry was dead set against the Prime Minister's proposal. |
| decide against [sth] vi + prep | (reject an option) | يرفض شيئًا، يقرّر عدم فعل شيء |
| | Sarah decided against a third cupcake as she was full. |
| | قررت سارة عدم تناول قطعة حلوى ثالثة لأنها شبعت. |
| decide against doing [sth] v expr | (choose not to) | يقرر عدم فعل شيء |
| | I decided against going on holiday this year, since I had just lost my job. |
| | قررتُ عدم الذهاب في إجازة هذا العام بعدما خسرت عملي. |
| declare against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (announce opposition to) | يعلن معارضته لشخص/لشيء |
declare war on [sb/sth],
declare war against [sb/sth] v expr | (state intention to make war with) | يعلن الحرب على شيء/شخص |
| | France declared war on Prussia on July 19, 1870. |
| | On July 28th 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia. |
| defend against [sth] vi + prep | (protect) | يحمي من شيء |
| | Medieval castles had moats, drawbridges and other structures to defend against attack. |
| defend [sb/sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (protect) | يحمي شخصًا/شيئًا من شخص/شيء |
| | Lisa defended her friend against the bully. |
| | Mark was unable to defend himself against his attackers. |
| demonstrate against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (protest publicly about) | يتظاهر ضد شيء/شخص |
| | Protesters are demonstrating against the government. |
| | يتظاهر المحتجّون ضد الحكومة. |
| discriminate against [sb] vi + prep | (show prejudice against) | يميّز في معاملة شخص |
| | It is illegal to discriminate against someone because of his or her age. |
| fight against [sth] vi + prep | (contend) | يقاوم، يحارب |
| | He fought against the new regulations. |
| find against vtr | (law: rule opposed to [sb]'s position) | يحكم ضد او في صالح |
| | The jury found against the defendants, who were ordered to pay millions of dollars in damages. |
| fulminate against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (denounce, criticize strongly) | ينتقد شيئًا/شخصًا بغضب |
| go against the grain v expr | figurative (be unconventional) | عكس الاقتناع، عكس التفضيل |
| go against the grain v expr | figurative (be uncharacteristic) | عكس المتوقع، غير معهود منه |
| | Your acting dishonestly certainly goes against the grain. |
| guard against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (be cautious) | يحترس من شيء/شخص، يحترز من شيء/شخص |
| | The travel agent had warned Beth to guard against pickpockets when she traveled abroad. |
| have a bias against [sb/sth] v expr | (be prejudiced against) | ينحاز ضد شخص/شيء |
| | They have a bias against assertive women. |
have something against [sth],
have something against doing [sth] v expr | (be opposed to) | لديه اعتراض على شيء |
| have something against [sb] v expr | (dislike [sb]) | لا يعجبه شخص |
| hold a grudge against [sb] v expr | (resent: [sb]) | يحمل ضغينة نحو شخص |
| | Peter holds a grudge against his co-worker, who received the promotion that Peter was hoping for. |
| hold [sth] against [sb] v expr | (resent [sb] for [sth]) | يكنّ الضغينة لشخص على شيء |
| | They still hold my past mistakes against me. |
| | ما زالوا يكنّون لي الضغينة على أخطائي الماضية. |
| hold it against [sb] v expr | informal (bear a grudge) | يحقد على شخص، يكنّ ضغينة لشخص |
| | She insulted him years ago, and he still holds it against her. |
| hold [sth] against [sb] v expr | (hold a grudge) | يحقد، يكنّ ضغينة |
| | I won't hold it against you if you don't want to join me. |
immunize [sb] against [sth],
also UK: immunise [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep | (vaccinate [sb] against [sth]) | يحصّن شخصًا ضدّ شيء، يمنّع شخصًا ضدّ شيء |
| | | يلقّح شخصًا ضدّ شيء، يطعّم شخصًا ضدّ شيء |
| | Children in the U.S. are all immunized against polio. |
| indemnify [sb/sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (insure: against [sth]) | يضمن شيئًا/شخصًا ضدّ شيء، يؤمّن شيئًا/شخصًا ضدّ شيء |
| | This policy will indemnify you against all loss in case of fires, floods, or theft. |
| insure [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (protect financially in case of [sth]) | يؤمِّن شيئًا ضد شيء |
| inveigh against [sth] vi + prep | formal (attack or criticize [sb] verbally) | يندّد بشيء، ينتقد شيئًا بعنف |
| | The priest inveighed against premarital sex. |
| lean against [sth] vi + prep | (for support) | يستند إلى شيء، يتكئ على شيء |
| | He felt dizzy and had to lean against the wall for support. |
| lean [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (prop: [sth] up on [sth]) (بشكل مائل) | وضع شيئًا على شيء |
| | The thief leaned his ladder against the wall of the house. |
| lean against [sth] vi + prep | (be propped against [sth]) | يستند إلى شيء، يتكئ على شيء |
| | The board is leaning against the wall. |
| measure [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | figurative (compare) | يقيس شيئًا بالمقارنة مع شيء |
| | | يقارن شيئًا بشيء |
| | The new president's success would always be measured against his predecessor's. |
| | يقاس نجاح الرئيس الجديد دائمًا بالمقارنة مع الرؤساء السابقين. |
| measure against [sth] vi + prep | (compare) | يكون مستواه إزاء شيء |
| | He tested his skill to see how he measures against the competition. |
| | اختبر مهارته ليتأكد من مستواه إزاء منافسيه. |
| militate against [sth] vi + prep | (prevent) | يمنع نجاح شيء، يحُول دون تحقق شيء |
| nestle against [sb/sth] vi + prep | (get cosy) | يستكنّ |
| | The baby bird nestled against his mother. |
| nestle [sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (body part: press closely) | يغلّ بشيء في شيء/شخص |
| | Ben nestled his chin against his girlfriend's shoulder. |
| nuzzle⇒ vtr | (snuggle up) | يستكنّ |
| | (في بعض المناطق) | يغلّ |
| | The little boy nuzzled against his mother's neck. |
| offend against [sth] vi + prep | (violate values, principles) | يخالف شيئًا |
| | The government's actions offend against all the principles of decency. |
| offset [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (counterbalance [sth] with [sth]) | يوازن شيئًا بشيء، يعوّض عن شيء بشيء |
| | You can offset any loss you make in a year against your profits. |
| | يمكنك أن تعوّض عن أية خسارة تلحق بك في سنة ما بالأرباح التي تجنيها. |